Paper Details

Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) incorporates Indigenous and local communities' cumulative wisdom and sensitivity, reflecting their sustainable interactions with the natural ecology over generations. This paper investigates the pivotal role of TEK in addressing climate change and biodiversity conservation, particularly in Uttarakhand, India. Through the review of existing literature and case studies, it can be seen how TEK-driven practices, such as the Chipko Movement, and traditional water management systems like “naulas” (spring-fed channels), “dharas” (stone-lined wells) and “Gadhera” (small water channels originating from a natural resource) showcase Indigenous methods that enhance water availability and promote ecological balance in the face of climate variability. Sacred groves, valued for their spiritual importance, act as biodiversity hotspots that safeguard unique species while nurturing a strong conservation ethic among local communities. The cultural heritage of Uttarakhand plays a crucial role in these conservation efforts, as local festivals like “Harela” and “Phool Dei” integrate ecological awareness into community practices, reinforcing the connection between culture and nature. The integration of spiritual beliefs with ecological stewardship is further exemplified by the Kailash Sacred Landscape Conservation Initiative (KSLCDI), a transboundary effort among India, China, and Nepal to preserve the unique biodiversity and cultural heritage of the Kailash Sacred Landscape while engaging local communities in conservation practices. This paper explores how TEK supports ecological sustainability while identifying areas for further research and policy integration. Uttarakhand’s unique ecological and cultural context provides valuable lessons for global climate adaptation and biodiversity conservation efforts.

Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK), Climate Change, Cultural Heritage, Biodiversity Conservation, Chipko Movement, and Water Management Systems