Paper Details

This research investigates the systemic causes and human rights implications of prolonged post-sentence detention of Indian expatriates in Saudi Arabian prisons. Drawing on case studies alongside institutional analysis, the study reveals how fragmented agencies, employer-dependent exit systems, and inefficient deportation processes combine to trap detainees in indefinite confinement beyond judicial sentences. Case 1 exemplifies how missing documentation and delayed consular intervention prolong detention despite sentence completion. Case 2 highlights the sponsor-driven exit visa system, where uncooperative employers stall lawful repatriation and consular efforts fall short without formal enforcement mechanisms. Case 3 exposes how administrative bottlenecks and poor detention conditions cause extended confinement even after legal clearance. These findings illustrate a pervasive lack of coordination, accountability, and transparency among Saudi bodies and Indian diplomatic missions, undermining detainees’ legal rights and dignity. The research underscores urgent needs for streamlined inter-agency communication, binding bilateral protocols, and enforceable rights-based reforms to safeguard migrant workers. Ultimately, the study calls for systemic changes to end administrative detention, restore rule of law, and uphold international human rights protections for one of the largest expatriate populations affected by this issue globally. This comprehensive analysis contributes critical insights for policymakers and advocates working to reform detention governance and enhance protections for vulnerable migrant communities.

Post-Sentence Detention, Indian Expatriates, Saudi Arabia Prisons, Migrant workers’ human rights, Deportation, Consular mechanism/ Coordination