Paper Details

The global political system is undergoing a profound transformation marked by the gradual decline of unipolar dominance and the emergence of a multipolar world order. Power is increasingly dispersed among several major and regional powers, leading to intensified competition, strategic uncertainty, and evolving security dynamics. This shift has fundamentally altered the nature of national security challenges faced by states. While traditional threats such as military aggression and territorial disputes persist, non-traditional threats including cyber warfare, terrorism, economic coercion, climate change, pandemics, and information warfare have become equally significant. In a multipolar system, the absence of a single stabilizing hegemon and the weakening of global governance mechanisms further complicate security management. This research paper critically examines the concept of multipolarity and analyzes the diverse national security challenges emerging in such a global order. It explores traditional and non-traditional threats, technological transformations, and strategic responses adopted by states. The paper argues that addressing national security challenges in a multipolar world requires a comprehensive, adaptive, and cooperative approach that integrates military preparedness with economic resilience, technological innovation, and multilateral engagement.

National Security, Multipolar World Order, Global Power Shift, Non-Traditional Security, Strategic Competition, Global Governance, Strategic Autonomy, Cold War.