Paper Details

This research paper delves into the multifaceted relationship between India and China, focusing on two critical dimensions: border disputes and trade expansion. The historical context of territorial conflicts, particularly along the Line of Actual Control (LAC), is integral to understanding the complex dynamics that have shaped diplomatic and security policies. Key incidents, such as the 1962 Sino-Indian War, the Doklam standoff of 2017, and the Galwan Valley clash of 2020, are examined to highlight the enduring tensions that have influenced bilateral relations and driven cycles of engagement and confrontation. Parallel to these security concerns is the significant economic relationship between the two nations, with China being one of India’s largest trading partners. However, the trade relationship is characterized by a growing imbalance, with India increasingly dependent on Chinese imports, particularly in key sectors like technology, electronics, and infrastructure. This paper explores the implications of this dependency and India’s strategic efforts to reduce its reliance on Chinese goods through policies aimed at diversification and domestic production. By analyzing both the ongoing territorial disputes and the evolving trade relations, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the major factors shaping India-China diplomatic relations. It also considers potential future developments in the context of shifting global political and economic dynamics, offering insights into the opportunities and challenges that may lie ahead for both nations.

India-China Relations, Border Disputes, Trade Imbalance, Line of Actual Control (LAC), Geopolitical Rivalry, Atmanirbhar Bharat, Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), Galwan Valley Clash, Multilateral Diplomacy